Modernism: cultural movement responding to changes in society which can vary in literature, architecture, art or music. Modernists identified a crisis in economics, politics, society and culture which was caused by industrialisation, modernisation and their effects. Industrialisation (Ford-ism) forced humans to abode by clock time. The further we get from our essential nature, the more alienated we are from ourselves and each other (according to Marx). Some modernists rebelled against tradition.
Before modernism was 19th centurt romanticism: nature as supreme subject of art. Realism was dominant over subjecctive impressions. Moral crisis- end of 19th century under the influence of Darwinsim, Marxism and Fordism. Postmodernism can sometimes be seen as a rejection of modernism, Some of us stopped believing in anything very much. French critic Baudrillard refers to a process we calls briolage- which is sometimes translated as tinkering. Bricolage is assembling artefacts from bits and pieces. Simulcra means we can't tell what the original is. The simulcrus is the ultramte capitalist artefact. If we've stopped believing in grand narratives how do we critique anyway?
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